Free Download João Canning-Clode, "Biological Invasions in Changing Ecosystems"
English | ISBN: 3110438658 | 2016 | 488 pages | EPUB, PDF | 8 MB + 5 MB
When organisms are deliberately or accidentally introduced into a new ecosystem a biological invasion may take place. These so-called ´invasive species` may establish, spread and ecologically alter the invaded community. Biological invasions by animals, plants, pathogens or vectors are one of the greatest environmental and economic threats and, along with habitat destruction, a leading cause of global biodiversity loss.
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